Stereoviews of Shaker Villages
In his groundbreaking book, The Shaker Image, Elmer Pearson wrote in 1974:
“The importance of the stereographic views in a visual record of Shaker history should not be underestimated. When the popularity of the stereoscope was at its peak [1870-1890’s], the Shakers, changing with the times, admitted photographers to their villages and permitted them to photograph not only the exteriors of buildings, but the interiors as well. Earlier, “the world’s people” had been permitted to enter only the offices and stores of the villages.”
Pearson estimated that there are more than 350 different stereographic views of the Shakers. No single Shaker museum, library, or private collection has a complete set of Shaker stereoviews.
The Shaker stereoviews on this web site are provided by Enfield Shaker Museum for personal study, research, and teaching. They are organized by Shaker village and, within villages, by date. To view larger images of the stereoviews, please click on the titles below.
Canterbury Shaker Village, Canterbury, New Hampshire
Clough and Kimball (H. A. Kimball) Series (c. 1872)
The first Shaker stereoviews photographed Howard A. Kimball (1845-1929) were mounted on cards printed “Photographed and Published by Clough & Kimball, Concord, N. H.” left over from his brief partnership with Amos F. Clough (1833-1872).
2. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
3. Middle Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
4. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
7. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
8. Island and Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
9. Mill at the Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
11. Great Barn at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
12. Ox Team at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13. The Apiary at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
14. Cook Stoves at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16a. Boys and Girls at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16b. Boys at the Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
19. Cheese Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Stereoview Coming Soon
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
22. Getting a Drink at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
List of Stereoviews in this Series (c. 1871)
Published by Howard A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
H. A. Kimball Series
Howard A. Kimball republished his first series of stereoviews on new card printed “Photographed and Published by H. A. Kimball, Concord, N. H.” and also published many of the same images in a larger series that he titled “Concord and Miscellaneous Views. Photographed by H. A. Kimball, Concord, N. H.”
1. General View of Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
2. Church Family from the South
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
3. Middle Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
4. Church Family from the North
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
5. North Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
6. Church Family from the Office
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
7. Church Family from the West
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
8. Island and Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
9. Mill at the Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
10. Trustees’ Office at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
11. Great Barn at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
12. Ox Team at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13. The Apiary at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
14. Cook Stoves at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15. Dining Hall at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16a. Boys and Girls at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16b. Sisters at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16c. Brothers at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
17. School Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
18a. Gymnastics at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
18b. Gymnastics at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
19. Cheese Room at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
20. Young Student at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
21. Little Stone Cutter at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
22. Getting a Drink at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by H. A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
List of Stereoviews in this Series (c. 1873)
Published by Howard A. Kimball, Concord, NH.
W. G. C. Kimball State Block, First Series
1. General View of Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
2. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
3. Middle Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
4. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
5. North Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
6. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
7. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
8. Island & Pond at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
9. Mill at the Pond at the Canterbury Shaker
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
10. Trustees’ Office at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
11. Great Barn at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
12. Ox Team at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13. The Apiary at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
14. Cook Stoves at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15a. Dining Hall at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15b. Dining Hall at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16a. Boys & Girls at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16b. Sisters & Girls at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
17. School Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
18. Gymnastics at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
19. Cheese Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
20. Young Student at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
22. Getting a Drink at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
List of Views in 1st W. G. C. Kimball Series
Published by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
W. G. C. Kimball Main Street Series
1. General View of Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
2. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
3. Middle Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
4. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
5. North Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
6. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
7. Church Family at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
8. Island & Pond at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
9. Mill at the Pond at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
10. Trustees’ Office at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
11. Great Barn at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
12. Ox Team at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13. The Apiary at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15a. Dining Hall at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15b. Dining Hall at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16b. Sisters & Girls at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16c. Brothers at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
16d. Boys at the Pond at Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
17. School Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
19. Cheese Room at Canterbury Shaker Village
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
23. Church Family at the Canterbury Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
List of Views in 2nd W. G. C. Kimball Series
Published by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Herd of Cattle
Photographed by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
W. G. C. Kimball State Block, Second Series
4. Church Family from the west
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
5. Church Family from the Office
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
6. Flower Garden with Mary and Two Little Boys
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
10. William Briggs on Tebbit’s Hill
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13. Clothing Mill and Lake
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
14. Lily Pond and Mirrored Mill
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
20. Trustees’ Office
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
21. Great Barn, 240 feet long by 45 feet wide
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
23. The Hives and Honey Bees
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
26. School Room with Teacher and Pupils
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
27. Cheese Room with Cheeses and Turn-Table
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
List of Stereoviews in 3rd W. G. C. Kimball Series
Published by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
South View of the Camp
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Among the Trees
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Church Family from Southwest
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
The Church
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
View, Sunday A. M.
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Congregation of Strangers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
W. G. C. Kimball Yellow Series (1878)
1. General View of Village from south-west
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
2. Church Family from the south
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
3. Church Family from the north
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
4. Church Family from the west
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
5. Church Family from the Office
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
6. Flower Garden with Mary and Little Boys
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
7. Printing Office-interior
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
8. Trustees’ Office
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
9. Great Barn-Size 240 ft long by 45 ft wide
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
10. Ox Team, 12 yoke
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
11. The Hives and Honey Bees
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
12. Cook Stove “Old and Young”
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13a. Dining Room-interior
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
13b. Dining Room-Interior
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
14. School Room, with Teacher and Pupils
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
15. The Young Student
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
17. Cheese Room, with Cheeses and Table
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
18. Middle Family looking towards Church
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
19. Middle Family
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
20. North Family
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
23. Mill at the Pond
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
25. Lily Pond and Mirrored Mill
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
31. Group of little boys
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
32. Group of Shakers
Photograph by W. G. C. Kimball, Concord, NH.
Enfield Shaker Village, Enfield, Connecticut
Barn at North Family Enfield, CT Shakers
Williams College Special Collections.
Wash House at SF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Photographer Unknown.
Dairy at South Family Enfield, CT Shakers
Photographer Unknown.
Reverse Side of Stereoviews in this Series
Publisher Unknown.
1. Office at North Family Enfield, CT Shakers
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon.
2. Work House at NF Enfield, CT Shakers
Goldsmith & Lazelle, Springfield, MA
General View – NF Enfield, CT Shakers
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon
List of Stereoviews in this Series
Goldsmith & Lazelle, Springfield, MA
1a. Office at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
1b. Office at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
2. Church at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
3. Dwelling House at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
4. Old Church at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
5a. Dining Hall at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Courtesy Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon
5b. Dining Hall at CF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Courtesy Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon
Stereoview Coming Soon
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
Stereoview Coming Soon
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
7. Depot at Shaker Station CF Enfield, CT
Courtesy Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon
8. View from Shaker Station CF Enfield, CT
Courtesy Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon
List of Stereoviews in this Series
Goldsmith & Lazelle Photographers, Springfield, MA
1. Dwelling House at SF Enfield, CT Shakers
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA
2. South Family at Enfield, CT Shakers
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA
3. Street View at SF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA
4. Street View at SF Enfield, CT Shaker Village
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA
5. Yard Enclosure at SF Enfield, CT Shakers
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA.
Stereoview Coming Soon
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA.
Stereoview Coming Soon
Photograph by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA.
List of Stereoviews in this Series
Published by E. J. Lazelle, Springfield, MA.
Enfield Shaker Village, Enfield, New Hampshire
Click here to see stereoviews from the Enfield, NH Shaker Village.
Hancock Shaker Village, Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Round Stone Barn at Hancock Shaker Village
Courtesy of Hancock Shaker Village.
Old Sheep Barn at Hancock Shaker Village
Courtesy of Trustees of Hamilton College.
Hancock Shaker Church Family from the east
Courtesy of Trustees of Hamilton College.
Round Stone Barn at Hancock Shaker Village
Williams College Special Collections.
Dwelling House at Hancock Church Family
Williams College Special Collections.
Hancock Shaker Church Family from the west
Williams College Special Collections.
Looking East to Hancock Shaker East Family
Williams College Special Collections.
Dwelling House at Hancock East Family
Williams College Special Collections.
Office at Hancock Shaker East Family
Williams College Special Collections.
Hancock Shaker Eldress Caroline Helfrich
Courtesy of Trustees of Hamilton College.
Harvard Shaker Village, Harvard, Massachusetts
Mount Lebanon Shaker Village, Mount Lebanon, New York
James E. Irving
Meeting House at Mt. Lebanon Shaker Village
Photograph by James E. Irving, Troy, NY.
School Room at Mt. Lebanon Shaker Village
Photograph by James E. Irving, Troy, NY.
Church Family at Mt. Lebanon Shaker Village
Photograph by James E. Irving, Troy, NY.
Garden View at Mt. Lebanon Shaker Village
Photograph by James E. Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mt. Lebanon.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by O. B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by O. B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by O. B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by O. B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by O. B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Published by Oliver B. Buell, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Published by Augustus J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by A. J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
Published by Augustus J. Alden, Pittsfield, MA.
McDonald & Sterry, Photographers – Albany, NY.
Published by William Nugent, Pittsfield, MA.
Photograph by Edward H. Fox, Danville, KY.
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mount Lebanon.
Photograph by Edward H. Fox, Danville, KY.
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mount Lebanon.
Photograph by Edward H. Fox, Danville, KY.
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mount Lebanon.
Published by Edward H. Fox, Danville, KY.
Courtesy of Shaker Museum – Mount Lebanon.
Photograph by Carpenter & Mullen, Lexington, KY.
Courtesy University of Kentucky Special Collections .
Photograph by Carpenter & Mullen, Lexington, KY.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Photograph by James Mullen, Lexington, KY.
Photograph by James Mullen, Lexington, KY.
Photograph by J. C. Moulton, Fitchburg, MA.
Courtesy of Williams College Archives.
Photograph by J. C. Moulton, Fitchburg, MA.
Published by Joseph C. Moulton, Fitchburg, MA.
Photograph by Horace D. Udall, Cleveland, OH.
Published by Dudley A. Cozad, Cleveland, OH.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Photograph by James Irving, Troy, NY.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Courtesy of The New York Public Library.
Photograph courtesy Stereographica.com
Photograph courtesy of Charlton Hall Galleries
Special thanks to the collectors who have agreed to make scans of their Shaker stereoviews available for use on this web page.
Stereoscopes and the Shakers
Stereoviews (properly called “stereograph cards”) consist of two nearly identical photographs paired to produce the illusion of a single three-dimensional image when viewed through a stereoscope. Soon after Oliver Wendell Holmes invented a simplified stereoscope in Boston about 1859, the Shakers and their villages became a popular subject for photographers.
In 1872, Shaker Brother Nelson Chase of the Enfield, New Hampshire Shaker community invented a “new and Improved Pocket Stereoscope.” Click here to read a copy of the patent granted to him by the U.S. Patent Office (“Improvement in Folding Stereoscopes”, Patent No. 129,100, dated July 16, 1872). Chase’s stereoscopes are extremely rare today and are sought after by Shaker collectors.
Additional Reading
Elmer R. Pearson & Julia Neal. The Shaker Image (Pittsfield, Massachusetts: Hancock Shaker Village, Inc., 1994). Second and annotated edition. Annotations, appendices and index by Dr. Magda Gabor-Hotchkiss. Many of the stereoviews shown above are illustrated (in black and white) and further described, with identifications of person, buildings, dates, and photographers.
Enfield Shaker Museum
447 NH Rt 4A
Enfield, NH 03748
603-632-4346